This paper examines the influence of internal barriers on the relationship between the organizational capability of stakeholder integration and proactive environmental strategies. We adopt a moderate hierarchical regression model to test the hypotheses using data from a sample of 73 managers in the business education industry. The paper contributes to stakeholder theory by showing that stakeholder integration positively influences the development of proactive environmental strategies when managers perceive internal barriers to the development of such strategies. This article also explores an (...) ethical dilemma—managers may use the stakeholder integration capability to support their own interests rather than to benefit stakeholders. (shrink)

The purpose of this study is to understand institutional violence (IV) in the relationships between health professionals, hospitalized children, and family members. This is a qualitative study developed at the pediatric inpatient unit of a university hospital in the city of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The research participants consisted of 39 health professionals who specialized in pediatrics and 10 family members of hospitalized children. Semi‐structured interviews were the method used for data collection. Using discourse analysis as a basis and taking a (...) Foucauldian perspective, the researchers observed that the expressions of IV could be traced to abusive power relations within the system. We found four discursive forms within the data set: communication problems as IV, violence through inattention and neglect, violence as an action and consequent materialization on the body, and psychological violence as a submission mechanism. Based on these findings, we argue that professionals, managers, the scientific community, and users might be able to better guarantee the safety of children by recognizing IV and effectively intervening in it. (shrink)

The present study analyses the relationship between human beings, society and nature from the thought of Jean-Jacques Rousseau; European thinker inserted in a vast political-anthropological tradition that seeks to understand human existence, both in its essential and relational dimensions. In this sense, Rousseau highlights a contradiction: technical and cultural development, although necessary, can also lead to the degradation of nature and the human essence. Works such as Discourse on the Sciences and Arts, Discourse on the Origin and Foundation of Inequality (...) and Reveries of a Solitary Stroller were chosen, precisely because they allow us to examine the consequences of human alienation about its relationship with the world, also demonstrating the search for harmony as the ultimate horizon of satisfaction. A critical position in the face of social relations and the need for esteem and recognition from others. In Reveries, for example, Rousseau reflects on happiness and the relationship with nature, which, if preserved, enables a refuge from social pressures and an encounter with the true “I”. It is a criticism of itself-love (amour-propre) like the search for possessions and honours; aspects that distance humanity from self-love (amour de soi) and pity for others. (shrink)

Background: Family sense of coherence can be defined as the cognitive map of a family that enables the family to deal with stress during their lifetime. FSOC is the degree to which a family perceives family life as comprehensible, manageable, and meaningful. To the best of our knowledge, few studies have used this scale, and very few have evaluated FSOC Scale psychometric properties.Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the original FSOC Scale in a sample of Portuguese (...) caregivers of children aged between 10 and 15 years.Methods: A total of 329 caregivers completed a sociodemographic questionnaire and the FSOC Scale. Analyses were performed to evaluate the factor structure of the FSOC Scale with 26 items as well as composite reliability, internal consistency, convergent-related validity, and discriminant-related validity of the scale scores.Results: The findings supported a three-factor solution for a 13-item version that maintains the original FSOC Scale structure. The three FSOC dimensions presented a good fit to the data. Cronbach’s alpha, composite reliability, and convergent-related validity were considered very good for the FSOC Scale. No evidence of discriminant-related validity was found for the dimensions of FSOC.Conclusion: The findings support the use of the Portuguese FSOC Scale for research and clinical purposes with Portuguese caregivers. Future research is necessary to further develop a European Portuguese version of the FSOC Scale.Implications: This study provides a psychometric evaluation of FSOC Scale characteristics in a Portuguese sample. The results are helpful for clinicians and family therapists who work with families since it could help them to assess the resources of families and their ability to cope with adversity and enhance their strengths. (shrink)

For different reasons, Husserl's original, thought-provoking ideas on the philosophy of logic and mathematics have been ignored, misunderstood, even despised, by analytic philosophers and phenomenologists alike, who have been content to barricade themselves behind walls of ideological prejudices. Yet, for several decades, Husserl was almost continuously in close professional and personal contact with those who created, reshaped and revolutionized 20th century philosophy of mathematics, logic, science and language in both the analytic and phenomenological schools, people whom those other makers of (...) 20th century philosophy, Russell, Frege, Wittgenstein and their followers, rarely, if ever, met. Independently of them, Husserl offered alternatives to the well-trodden paths of logicism, nominalism, formalism and intuitionism. He presented a well-articulated, thoroughly argued case for logic as an objective science, but was not philosophically naive to the point of not seeing the role of subjectivity in shaping the sense of the reality facing objective science. Given the preeminent role that philosophy of logic and philosophy of mathematics have played in transforming the way philosophy has been done since Husserl's time, and given the depth of his insights and his obvious expertise in those fields, his ideas need to be integrated into present-day, mainstream philosophy. Here, philosopher Claire Ortiz Hill and mathematician-philosopher Jairo da Silva offer a wealth of interesting insights intended to subvert the many mistaken idees recues about the development of Husserl's thought and reestablish broken ties between it and philosophy now. (shrink)

This paper first illustrates what kind of ethical issues arise from the new information, communication and automation technology. It then argues that we may embrace the popular idea that technology is ethically neutral or even ambivalent without having to close our eyes to those issues and in fact, that the ethical neutrality of technology makes them all the more urgent. Finally, it suggests that the widely ignored fact of normal responsible behaviour offers a new and fruitful starting point for any (...) future thinking about such issues. (shrink)

En su comentario a la Isagoge, Duns Escoto se pregunta dónde se halla el universal: ¿en las cosas o en el intelecto? Caracterizando al universal como universal lógico y accidente intencional de la esencia, en su respuesta se articulan la dimensión ontológica y la dimensión semántica del universal: con el intelecto que lo causa y con la cosa que denomina. Analizaremos estas dos relaciones y las implicaciones que se siguen en el orden de la predicación a partir del ejemplo propuesto (...) por Escoto: «hombre es universal». In his Questions on Porphyry’s Isagoge, Scotus asks about the place of inherence of the universal: ¿is it in the things or in the intellect? Being established the universal as logical universal and intentional accident of the essence, in Scotus’s answer the ontological and the semantical dimensions of the universal are articulated: with the intellect which causes it and with the thing it designates. We will analyse both of these relations and their implications in the order of predication taking into account Scotus’s example «man is universal». (shrink)

This essay elaborates on Rodolfo Corky Gonzales’s “Yo soy Joaquín” as an inter-American articulation of the critical commitments of Chicanismo, which is here identified as the sociopolitical philosophy and ideological/normative leanings of Mexican Americans who call themselves Chicanas/os. The purpose of this essay is to show both how syncretism frames Chicanismo as a philosophy of growth and identity beyond borders and that this worldview can be critically explained as seeking alliances to communities and contexts defined by struggle. It engages the (...) historical groundwork, philosophical influences on, and cultural ideals and values voiced through this poem by proponents of Chicanismo among its multiple forms and various representatives. (shrink)

A teoria pedagógica comporta muitos fenômenos que o educador deve compreender e levar em consideração, dentre eles, a crise. Alguns educadores exercem dignamente o seu ofício. Mesmo diante das situações mais adversas, eles podem ser considerados resilientes. Resiliência é o nome dado à capacidade concreta das pessoas de não só superarem situações críticas, mas também de utilizá-las em seus processos de desenvolvimento pessoal. Os estudos sobre o tema se propõem a enfatizar a promoção de processos educativos que facilitem ou tornem (...) as pessoas mais resistentes e maduras para enfrentar as dificuldades que ocorrem em sua vida. A inclusão da espiritualidade como um fator de favorecimento da resiliência parece ser o de desafiar o futuro numa perspectiva de superação, considerando as adversidades como obstáculos que poderão favorecer o amadurecimento pessoal, através da ampliação da visão de mundo e do estabelecimento de novas formas de equilíbrio. Acredita-se que um professor resiliente poderá mais facilmente manter-se firme em sua tarefa de educar, transcendendo as questões meramente pedagógicas, buscando desenvolver a integralidade na prática formativa, sobretudo porque possui mais possibilidades de vivenciar a sua própria multidimensionalidade. Este texto tem como finalidade estudar a importância da espiritualidade no favorecimento de uma postura resiliente no educador. (shrink)

Fundamento: La investigación científica y la divulgación de los resultados obtenidos es uno de los puntales del desarrollo científico del país. Objetivo: Considerar la productividad científica de los especialistas de Higiene y Epidemiología de su Centro Provincial en Camagüey, a partir del número de publicaciones en los últimos cinco años. Método: Se diseñó un estudio transversal desde abril de 2008 hasta abril de 2013, a través de un cuestionario estructurado, de carácter anónimo y con el consentimiento informado de los mismos, (...) donde se recogieron las variables tiempo de graduado, publicaciones en los últimos cinco años, categoría docente e investigativa, conocimientos de técnicas estadísticas, motivación, participación en eventos científicos, dificultades para publicar y dominio del idioma inglés para consultar las bases de datos EBSCO y PUBMED. Resultados: Se mostró una escasa productividad científica independientemente del tiempo de graduado; el número de categorías investigativas por especialista es muy pobre y si bien la mayoría de los mismos reconoce que la especialidad le confiere los conocimientos y motivación necesarias durante su formación, al final expresan tener dificultades para publicar y en el manejo del idioma inglés para estos fines. Conclusiones: La formación del especialista de Higiene y Epidemiología no da salida, al menos de la manera deseada, a uno de sus perfiles básicos como es la investigación. Basis: Scientific research and promotion of the obtained results is one of the objectives of the scientific development of the country, mainly when a specialty is involved, in which this task is included in different versions of the study plans. Objectives: to consider starting from the number of publications in the last five years, the scientific productivity of the specialists of Hygiene and Epidemiology of the Provincial Center of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Microbiology of Camagüey. Method: To carry out this task a cross sectional study was designed by authors through a small, anonymous structured questionary and with the informed consent of all of them, in which the following variables were analyzed: graduation date, publications in the last five years, teaching or scientific category, knowledge of statistical techniques, motivation, participation in scientific events, difficulties for publishing and knowledge of the English language to consult de databases EBSCO and PUBMED. Results: Poor scientific performance is observed, apart from graduation experience, the number of scientific categories by specialists is very low and even though most of them accept that the specialty promotes knowledge and necessary motivations during their postgraduate studies, finally they confirm there are difficulties for publishing and to manage English language for this purpose. Conclusions: The teaching curriculum of Hygiene and Epidemiology specialist does not promote research, one of its basic fields. (shrink)

Os movimentos feministas negros impelem à busca de mudanças e de liberação e de superação do sexismo, racismo e classismo presentes em distintos campos da sociedade, inclusive no campo filosófico. Nesses termos, olhares críticos são lançados à filosofia e questionamentos surgem: A filosofia tal como apreendida em sua história reserva algum lugar para o não-homem, para o não-branco? A filosofia reserva algum lugar para as mulheres negras? Quando direcionamos o nosso olhar para a filosofia e para o feminismos negros brasileiros, (...) qual é a situação? A partir dessas e de outras questões, chegamos a uma das principais filósofas e feministas negras brasileiras: Lélia Gonzalez. Seu trabalho possui profunda riqueza filosófica e conceitual e desenvolve uma análise refinada do cânone ao propor a subversão deste, com a criação de novos conceitos e linguagens que expressam experiências diversas às impostas pela filosofia tradicional. Ainda que seja filósofa de formação, Lélia é lida muito mais a partir de suas outras formações nas áreas de Antropologia, Geografia, História e Sociologia, por exemplo, do que como filósofa. Nesse contexto, o presente artigo tem, por um lado, o objetivo de situar Lélia Gonzalez como feminista negra brasileira e filósofa, apontando seus argumentos acerca dos lugares das mulheres negras brasileiras em movimentos feministas e negros e seus argumentos filosóficos contra a opressão cultural e linguística. Por outro lado, visa problematizar a invisibilidade e o silenciamento de Lélia Gonzalez no contexto filosófico. (shrink)

IT es una novela de terror publicada en 1986 por el escritor estadounidense Stephen King. La historia sigue a un grupo de siete amigos, el Club de los Perdedores, mientras son aterrorizados por un ente sobrenatural. IT explota los miedos y fobias de sus víctimas para disfrazarse al cazar a sus presas. El principal objetivo de este trabajo es demostrar que el trauma infantil es el principal factor de terror en la novela, esto a través de tres tangentes distintas presentes (...) en la obra: la falta de memoria, la ansiedad excesiva y la inmadurez emocional severa. (shrink)

Chemical elements are the bricks with which Chemistry is build. Their names had a history, but part of it is forgotten or barely known. In this article the forgotten, no more used, never used, and alternatively used names and symbols of the elements are reviewed, bringing to us some surprises and deeper knowledge about the richness of Chemistry. It should be stressed that chemical elements are important not only for chemists but for all people dealing with science. As in any (...) other aspect of our lives, we tend to better understand something by knowing his history. By knowing them we can have a deeply understanding of how science evolves and how it is influenced by our human aspects. (shrink)

Estas memorias antropológicas son un documento indispensable para comprender el itinerario de investigador de A. Ortiz-Osés y su compromiso con la vida. Obra entre la mítica y la mística, entre eros y logos, entre el pasado y el futuro: una axiología del sentido frente a la verdad abstracta.

Anyone interested in philosophical argumentation should be prepared to study philosophical debates and controversies because it is an intensely dialogical, and even contentious, genre of argumentation. There is hardly any other way to do them justice. This is the reason why the present special issue addresses philosophical argumentation within philosophical debates. Of the six articles in this special issue, one deals with a technical aspect, the diagramming of arguments, another contrasts two moments in philosophical argumentation, Antiquity and the twentieth century, (...) focusing on the use of refutation, and the remaining four analyze particular philosophical controversies. The controversies analyzed differ significantly in their characteristics (time, extension, media, audience,…). Hopefully, this varied sample will illuminate some salient aspects of philosophical argumentation, its representation and variations throughout history. We are fully aware that, given the scarcity of previous studies of philosophical debates from the perspective of argumentation theory, the following specimens of analysis must have several shortcomings. But it is a well-known adage that the hardest part is the beginning. That is what we tried to achieve here, no more, but no less either. (shrink)

O conceito de memes surgiu em 1976 com Richard Dawkins, como um análogo cultural dos genes. Deveria ser possível estudar a cultura através do processo de evolução por seleção natural de memes, ou seja, de comportamentos, ideias e conceitos. O filósofo Daniel Dennett utilizou tal conceito como central em sua teoria da consciência e pela primeira vez divulgou para o grande público a possibilidade de uma ciência dos memes chamada "memética". A pesquisadora Susan Blackmore (1999) foi quem mais se aproximou (...) de uma defesa completa de tal teoria. No entanto, a memética sofreu pesadas críticas e ainda não se constituiu como uma ciência, com métodos e uma base empírica bem definida. -/- The concept of memes was created by Richard Dawkins in 1976 as a cultural analogue of genes. It suggests the possibility of studying culture through a process of evolution through natural selection of memes, that is, of behaviors, ideas and concepts. The concept became central for the philosopher Daniel Dennett, who employed it in his theory of consciousness and made the possibility of a science of memes, called "memetics", known to the general public. Susan Blackmore (1999) comes closest to giving a complete defense of such a theory. However, memetics has been the target of heavy criticism, and has still not established itself as a science, with specific methods and a well-defined empirical basis. (shrink)

La identidad cultural ha sido abordada desde diferentes disciplinas científicas, se va construyendo desde disímiles ángulos, de aquí que los referentes teóricos para su estudio procedan de diversas áreas del saber. Aunque no es un tema exclusivamente latinoamericano, es justamente América Latina uno de los lugares en que el análisis de esta problemática ha sido más polémico. El artículo presenta los resultados de un diagnóstico del estado de la identidad cultural de los estudiantes de la Preparatoria No.1, de la Universidad (...) Autónoma de Nuevo León, y propone un modelo pedagógico para el desarrollo de este fenómeno. Cultural identity has been studied from different scientific disciplines and considered from various perspectives. The theoretical references of its study come from diverse areas of knowledge. Being not exclusively a Latin American theme, Latin America is exactly one of the places that provide a controversial analysis. This article deals with the results of a study on cultural identity in students registered in the Preparatory n. 1, at the Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, and presents an educational model for its development. (shrink)

El texto trata del acceso fenomenológico a la muerte. El punto de partida de la reflexión está constituido por la descripción de la muerte que hace Bernhard Welte como un momento en el cual el ser humano alcanza su totalidad. Así, cuando se considera a una persona fallecida, experimentamos una transfiguración en su imagen, de tal modo que el momento de la muerte puede ser calificado como un instante numinoso y sacro. Si se compara esta descripción con el análisis que (...) Martin Heidegger ofrece en Ser y tiempo, constatamos diferentes accesos. Heidegger intenta mostrar que la muerte no puede ser definida por la vía del trato con la muerte de otra persona, sino solo describiendo la relación individual con la propia muerte. Finalmente, el texto discute el concepto que Eugen Fink ofrece de la muerte, el cual tiene dos aspectos: la dimensión solitaria (la propia muerte) y su dimensión social (la muerte de los otros). Ambas dimensiones se complementan. The paper deals with the phenomenological approach to death. The starting point of the reflection is Bernhard Welte’s description of death as a moment in which a human being achieves his wholeness. Thus, when regarding a dead person, we experience a transfiguration in his/her image in such a way that the moment of death can be spoken about as a numinous and sacred instant. Comparing this description with Martin Heidegger’s analysis in Being and Time, we see a different approach. Heidegger attempts to show that death cannot be defined by dealing with the death of another person, but only by describing the individual’s relationship to his/her own death. Finally the text discusses Eugen Fink’s notion of death, which has two aspects: the solitary dimension (one’s own death) and its social dimension (the death of others). Both dimensions are complementary. (shrink)

Fundamento: El currículo de estudios, principalmente de posgrado, no puede considerarse como un plan al que hay que ajustarse de manera estricta, sino que debe ser más flexible, que dé salida a los objetivos propuestos según las situaciones del entorno. Objetivo: mostrar algunos resultados de la vinculación del residente de Higiene y Epidemiología a actividades epidemiológicas emergentes en la actualidad. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en el Centro Provincial de Higiene, Epidemiología y Microbiología de Camagüey durante junio de (...) 2014. Se entrevistó a un universo de 32 profesionales. Las variables utilizadas fueron: utilidad de la vinculación extracurricular a programas y tareas de control epidemiológico, desarrollo práctico de los aspectos teóricos, vencimiento con calidad del diseño curricular de la residencia y si se consideró necesario o no interrumpir el plan de estudios ante eventos epidemiológicos de emergencia. Resultados: La mayoría de los especialistas consideró que la vinculación a actividades específicas le permitió vencer con calidad el plan de estudios, mientras que el mayor porcentaje de los residentes no lo estimó así. Ningún residente entrevistado estuvo de acuerdo con la interrupción del plan de estudios ante situaciones emergentes. Conclusiones: la vinculación del residente a actividades prácticas emergentes puede servir de incentivo para la graduación de un especialista con mayor competencia profesional, sin abandonar el diseño curricular establecido. Fundament: The study curriculum, especially of post grade, cannot be considered as a plan to which one has to be adjusted in a strict way, but to be more flexible, offering a way out to the proposed objectives according to the situations of the environment. Objective: to offer some results of the linking of the medical resident of Hygiene and Epidemiology to emergent epidemiological activities at the present time. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study at the Provincial Center of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Microbiology during June 2014 was carried out. A universe of 32 professionals was interviewed. The variables used were: usefulness of the extracurricular linking to programs and tasks of epidemiological control, practical development of theoretical aspects, quality achievement of the curricular design of the medical residency, and if it was necessary or not to interrupt the study plan in emergent epidemiological events. Results: Most of the specialists considered the linking to emergent epidemiological activities allowed to finish with quality its study plan, while that the biggest percentage of the residents did not estimate it in the same way. None of the interviewed resident agreed with the interruption of the study plan in front of emergent situations. Conclusions: the linking of the medical resident to practical emergent activities can serve as incentive for the graduation of the specialists with better professional competence without abandoning the established curricular design. (shrink)

The author argues that the individual and group life of Leonard Nelson and his followers constitute a case of philosophy as a way of life in the sense described by Pierre Hadot. Philosophy as a theoretical activity was for Nelson not enough; it had to have a practical effect. Insofar as a philosopher first tries to live according to his philosophy, and in that process looks for a transformation of his own life, we can say that this is a proper (...) case of philosophy as a way of life. How did Nelson's philosophy as a way of life look in more detail? An inspection of the available facts shows that several of the external signs of a philosophical life in antiquity reemerge in the Nelsonian movement. This is the second part of the author's argument that philosophy in Nelson's sense — what he and all his followers called ‘critical philosophy’. (shrink)

Evolutionary functional theories about morality assume that morality has been evolutionarily selected because it produces a cooperative and pro-social effect. This assumption wrongly implies that the trait which produces the selected effect is fully known. Furthermore, a SE theory does not seem to explain the peculiarities of moral thought, which are mostly synthesized in the features of moral judgment: its authoritative and inescapable character. This paper provides an alternative SE explanation and argues that a causal role functional explanation is also (...) necessary because this kind of explanation establishes the way the selected effect interacts with basic human evaluative propensities, which not only makes it possible to give an account of the practical clout of moral judgment, but of the phenomenon of moral ambivalence as well. However, the connection between reason and emotionand their influence on morality remains unexplained. (shrink)

Matilde Carranza, primera filósofa de Costa Rica -- Ana Isabel Alfaro y la filosofía de la educación -- Vera Yamuni, pensadora latinoamericana -- Reflexión final.

El dualismo de propiedades y los qualia han sido problemas heredados de la teoría cartesiana. ‘Problemas viejos con nuevas vestiduras’ que se han traslapado en el discurso de las ciencias cognitivas, en especial en el de la filosofía de la mente. Para algunos pensadores contemporáneos dichos «problemas» están en el marco de las cuestiones metafísicas. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo develar la génesis del problema ocasionada por el uso inadecuado del lenguaje, con el fin de mostrar que tales cuestiones a (...) la larga no son más que pseudoproblemas. Problemas de orden lingüístico y lógico disfrazados con ropaje metafísico. El método usado en este estudio fue el método analítico. Por lo cual, en la primera parte del escrito se analiza el discurso que da origen al problema ; posteriormente, se revisa el discurso cartesiano —por ser la doctrina oficial que hereda el problema a la filosofía de la mente—. Como conclusiones, se presentan las razones por las que se afirma que dichos problemas no son más que errores heredados por el uso del lenguaje. Por último, se presentan de manera breve cómo las posturas eliminativista y emergentista de Dennett y Searle no son realmente la superación del dualismo como ellos lo sustentan. (shrink)

Actualmente abundan conceptualizaciones sobre pensamiento crítico. Gran parte de estas se enfocan en habilidades cognitivas, otras en resolución de problemas; algunas más, en toma de decisiones y acción; y otras, que integran los elementos nombrados. Ante la proliferación de concepciones surge la necesidad de hacer una clasificación de estos modelos en aras de comprender mejor sus enfoques y, en especial, la incidencia de las corrientes filosóficas en los elementos constituyentes que los sustentan para que los maestros tengan claridad sobre qué (...) aporta cada uno de ellos en sus prácticas de aula. Objetivo: identificar elementos constituyentes de los fundamentos conceptuales sobre pensamiento crítico para clasificarlos en modelos según sus finalidades. Metodología: análisis conceptual, realizado desde la filosofía analítica para revisar los conceptos esenciales expuestos por 44 teóricos en sus teorías. Se diseñaron matrices de análisis con 12 constituyentes que permitieron evidenciar los elementos de cada modelo y determinar qué corrientes filosóficas los fundamentan. Resultados: se evidenciaron cuatro modelos: lógico-racional, cognitivo-emotivo, cognitivo-cientificista y sociopragmático, en los cuales han incidido los aportes de grandes filósofos, quienes en su interés epistémico han vinculado la criticidad como elemento esencial en la construcción del conocimiento. Conclusiones: estos modelos aportarán claridad a los docentes, quienes intencionan su trabajo en el aula para formar pensadores críticos que cuestionen y transformen su entorno social. (shrink)

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo mostrar que las Confesiones no solamente pueden ser leídas como una autobiografía, como un itinerario espiritual o como una exhortación divina; sino que, además, puede ser entendida como el despliegue de un pensamiento ávido de trascendencia que posibilita la revitalización de la prudencia como saber moral. Aunque san Agustín no explicita una definición de prudencia en el texto, creo, sin embargo, que es posible construir a partir de su pensamiento una noción de sabiduría que (...) sirva para comprender «el drama interno» que padece el hombre. This article aims to show that the Confessions can be read not ones as an autobiography, a spiritual journey or a divine exhortation; because it also can be understood as the deployment of a hungry thought of transcendence that allows the revitalization of prudence as moral knowledge. Although St. Augustine does not explicitly, a definition of prudence in the text, I think, however, it is possible to build a notion of wisdom on his thinking to help understand man’s «internal drama». (shrink)

En este trabajo se estudia la concepción escotista del universal entendido como universallógico y accidente intencional, cuya función cognitiva se entiende como modo de aprehensión oconcepción de la esencia o naturaleza. El artículo se concentra en analizar las cuestiones 4 y 5 del comentario de Duns Escoto a la Isagoge. Se subraya la relación de los análisis escotistas con lateoría aviceniana del triple estatuto de la esencia sobre el telón de fondo de la teoría boeciana de los universales. Al final (...) del artículo se presenta brevemente el momento ontológico del universal tal comose puede ver en la teoría de la naturaleza común. (shrink)

O objetivo geral deste trabalho é avaliar, de forma crítica, como os fundamentos teóricos da Democracia Radical, nomeadamente os expendidos por Chantal Mouffe e seus interlocutores, podem contribuir no aprofundamento da Democracia Deliberativa de acento habermasiano e seus fundamentos de participação política. O problema que pretendemos destacar diz com a possibilidade de equalizarmos as convergências e divergências entre os fundamentos da Democracia Radical e da Democracia Deliberativa, visando constituir o aprimoramento da participação política contemporânea. Em face desses problemas, nossa hipótese (...) é a de que determinados aportes da Democracia Radical são adequados e sinérgicos à Democracia Deliberativa; todavia, outros não, e sobre estes pretendemos identificar insuficiências de sustentação. (shrink)

This study investigates the differences in ethical beliefs between males and females. One hundred and seventy five business students were presented with four scenarios and given the Reidenbach-Robin instrument measuring their ethical reactions to these scenarios. Contrary to previous research, the results indicate that the two groups have similar ethical beliefs, and they process ethical information similarly.